COP29: Key Outcomes

COP29: Key outcomes agreed at the UN climate talks in Baku

Source: Carbon Brief https://www.carbonbrief.org/cop29-key-outcomes-agreed-at-the-un-climate-talks-in-baku/ 

Developed nations have agreed to help channel “at least” $300bn a year into developing countries by 2035 to support their efforts to deal with climate change. However, the new climate-finance goal – agreed along with a range of other issues at the COP29 summit in Baku, Azerbaijan – has left developing countries bitterly disappointed. 

They were united in calling for developed countries to raise $1.3tn a year in climate finance. In the end, negotiators agreed on a looser call to raise $1.3tn each year from a wide range of sources, including private investment, by 2035. 

Some countries, including India and Nigeria, accused the COP29 presidency of pushing the deal through without their proper consent, following chaotic last-minute negotiations. Countries failed to reach an agreement on how the outcomes of last year’s “global stocktake”, including a key pledge to transition away from fossil fuels, should be taken forward – instead shunting the decision to COP30 next year in Brazil. 

They did manage to find agreement on the remaining sections of Article 6 on carbon markets, meaning all elements of the Paris Agreement have been finalised nearly 10 years after it was signed. 

Negotiations were overshadowed by the reelection of Donald Trump, who has promised to roll back climate action and take the world’s biggest historical emitter out of the Paris Agreement once again. 

COP president Azerbaijan – a country that sources two-thirds of its government revenue from fossil fuels – faced accusations of conflict of interest and malpractice, with one minister labelling its hosting style “deplorable”. 

Here, Carbon Brief provides in-depth analysis of all the key outcomes in Baku – both inside and outside the COP.

• Formal negotiations
  • Azerbaijani leadership
  • US election fallout
  • New climate finance goal (NCQG)
  • UAE dialogue and the global stocktake
  • Article 6
  • Mitigation work programme
  • Adaptation
  • Loss and damage
  • Agriculture and food security
  • Response measures
  • Just transition work programme
  • Gender action plan
  • Other matters
    • Long-term global goal review
    • Research and observation
• Around the COP
  • Global leaders and country pledges
    • Global leaders
    • Country pledges
  • China at COP29
  • International pledges
    • Fossil fuels
    • Clean energy
    • Methane
    • Food systems and water
    • Deforestation
  • Protests, surveillance and harassment
  • New climate science
• Road to COP30 and beyond